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08.04.2025
Components of Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

Shell and tube heat exchangers are a type of exchanger made up of tubes for heat transfer between fluids at high temperatures.

In shell and tube heat exchangers, the heat transfer surface consists of the tubes that give the exchanger its name. While one fluid flows through these tubes, the other fluid flows parallel or perpendicular to the tubes inside the shell. Therefore, heat transfer occurs on the tube surfaces. In high pressure or temperature conditions, shell and tube heat exchangers are preferred over gasketed exchangers or brazed exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchangers are a type of heat exchanger that can be used in all processes and have various subtypes.

Shell and tube heat exchangers can be easily and safely applied to all of these processes as desired. During the welding of shell and tube heat exchangers, professional tube positioning techniques are used to achieve maximum efficiency in heat transfer.

What Are the Components that Make Up Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers?

The components that make up shell and tube heat exchangers are as follows:

  • Straight or U-shaped bent tubes that enable heat transfer
  • An outer shell made of tube or bent metal sheet
  • Mirrors where the tubes are fixed
  • Baffles to guide the flow outside the tubes and support the tubes inside the shell
  • Shell nozzles for inlet and outlet of the fluid on the shell side
  • Head and head nozzles for inlet and outlet of the fluid on the tube side
  • Flanges for fixing mirrors and heads
  • Supporting legs to mount the exchanger on any base
  • Insulation to prevent heat loss from the outer surfaces of the exchanger

TEMA Type Heat Exchangers